城镇与贸易
Towns & Trade
中世纪城镇的兴起：集市、行会、商人阶层；城镇如何获得自治特许状；人们的生活重心如何从纯乡村转向部分城市生活。
The growth of medieval towns: markets, guilds, the merchant class; how towns won charters of self-governance; the shift from purely rural to partly urban life
学习证据 / Evidence
- 描述中世纪城镇与村庄的不同之处（集市、城墙、行会、人口更多）
- 解释行会是什么，以及它为什么对手艺人很重要
- 描述城镇改变中世纪社会的一种方式（新兴商人阶层、城镇居民拥有更多自由）
- Describe how medieval towns were different from villages (markets, walls, guilds, more people)
- Explain what a guild was and why it mattered for tradespeople
- Describe one way towns changed medieval society (new merchant class, more freedom for townspeople)
评估问题 / Assessment
{{name}}能否解释中世纪城镇为何兴起，以及集市和行会的兴起如何改变了人们的生活与工作方式？
Could {{name}} explain why medieval towns grew and how the rise of markets and guilds changed the way people lived and worked?