牛顿第一定律与第二定律
Newton's First & Second Laws
陈述并应用牛顿第一定律（物体在不受合力作用时保持静止或匀速直线运动）和第二定律（力 = 质量 × 加速度），包括质量、力和加速度之间的关系。
State and apply Newton's First Law (an object stays at rest or constant velocity unless acted on by a resultant force) and Second Law (force = mass × acceleration), including the relationship between mass, force, and acceleration
学习证据 / Evidence
- 陈述牛顿第一定律并给出实际例子（例如，为什么在太空中的航天器不需要发动机）
- 运用 F = ma 在已知其中两个量的情况下计算力、质量或加速度
- 解释为什么更重的物体要达到相同的加速度需要更大的力
- 运用牛顿第一定律解释为什么乘车时需要系安全带
- States Newton's First Law and gives a real example (e.g. why a moving spacecraft doesn't need engines in space)
- Uses F = ma to calculate force, mass, or acceleration given the other two quantities
- Explains why a heavier object requires more force to achieve the same acceleration
- Explains why seatbelts are needed in cars using Newton's First Law
评估问题 / Assessment
如果问{{name}}为什么乘车时需要系安全带，而安静坐着时不需要，他们能否解释牛顿第一定律关于运动物体的表述，并计算一个60千克的人在突然停车时受到多大的力？
If {{name}} was asked why you need a seatbelt in a car but not when sitting still, could they explain what Newton's First Law says about moving objects — and then calculate how much force a 60 kg person experiences in a sudden stop?