深海生存

解释深海动物如何应对巨大的水压（没有充满气体的空间、灵活的蛋白质、适应压力的酶）；介绍极端的温度调节方式——南极鱼类中的抗冻糖蛋白、林蛙的过冷现象；介绍缓步动物（水熊虫）和隐生现象（能在干燥脱水、极端温度、辐射和真空环境中存活）；了解其他极端环境生物（热液喷口处的嗜热菌、盐滩中的嗜盐菌）；思考这些生物对我们认识生命极限有什么启发。

Explain how deep-sea animals cope with crushing pressure (no gas-filled spaces, flexible proteins, pressure-adapted enzymes); describe thermoregulation extremes — antifreeze glycoproteins in Antarctic fish, supercooling in wood frogs; introduce tardigrades and cryptobiosis (surviving desiccation, extreme temperatures, radiation, vacuum); survey other extremophiles (thermophiles at hydrothermal vents, halophiles in salt flats); consider what these organisms tell us about the limits of life

评估问题 / Assessment

{{name}}能否描述一种即使被冻成固体、完全脱水或暴露在太空真空中也能存活的动物，并大致解释它如何能活下来，而其他几乎所有生物在这种条件下都会死亡？

Can {{name}} describe an animal that can survive being frozen solid, completely dried out, or exposed to the vacuum of space — and explain roughly how it manages to survive conditions that would kill almost any other living thing?