建造金字塔
Building the Pyramids
了解金字塔是如何建造的：成千上万的工人使用斜坡、滚木和雪橇搬运巨大的石块，工程由法老的官员组织；设计从平顶的马斯塔巴发展为阶梯金字塔（如左塞尔的），再到四壁光滑的大金字塔——并且知道后来的法老被安葬在帝王谷隐蔽的岩凿陵墓中。
Understand how the pyramids were built: thousands of workers moved enormous stone blocks using ramps, rollers, and sledges, the work was organised by the pharaoh's officials, and the design evolved from flat-topped mastabas to step pyramids (like Djoser's) to the smooth-sided Great Pyramid — and know that later pharaohs were buried in hidden rock-cut tombs in the Valley of the Kings
学习证据 / Evidence
- 描述至少两种搬运和抬升沉重石块的方法。
- 解释金字塔的设计如何随着时间从简单的墓葬演变为大金字塔。
- 解释后来的法老为什么选择帝王谷中的隐蔽陵墓而不是金字塔。
- Describe at least two methods used to move and raise heavy stone blocks
- Explain that pyramid design changed over time from simple tombs to the Great Pyramid
- Explain why later pharaohs chose hidden tombs in the Valley of the Kings instead of pyramids
评估问题 / Assessment
如果{{name}}想知道埃及人没有现代机器是如何建造金字塔的，他们能否描述一些使用过的方法，并解释墓葬设计随时间发生了什么变化？
If {{name}} wonders how the Egyptians built the pyramids without modern machines, can they describe some of the methods used and explain how tomb design changed over time?