效率、桑基图与做功
Efficiency, Sankey diagrams, and work done
计算能量效率（有用输出能量占总输入能量的比例），绘制并解读桑基图，并运用功 = 力 × 距离 计算做功多少。
Calculate energy efficiency as the ratio of useful output energy to total input energy, construct and interpret Sankey diagrams, and calculate work done using work = force × distance
学习证据 / Evidence
- 根据给定的输入能量和有用输出能量数值，以百分比形式计算效率。
- 绘制桑基图来表示设备中的能量转化，箭头宽度与能量大小成比例。
- 利用 W = Fd 计算力在移动一段距离时所做的功。
- 识别桑基图中哪些能量转化是有用的，哪些是被浪费的。
- Calculates efficiency as a percentage from given input and useful output energy values
- Draws a Sankey diagram to represent energy transfers in a device, with arrow widths proportional to energy amounts
- Uses W = Fd to calculate work done when a force moves through a distance
- Identifies which energy transformations in a Sankey diagram are useful and which are wasted
评估问题 / Assessment
如果{{name}}听说一个灯泡的效率为10%，消耗了60焦耳的能量，那么{{name}}能算出其中有多少能量真正变成了光，以及其余能量去了哪里吗？
If {{name}} heard that a light bulb is 10% efficient and uses 60 J of energy, could they work out how much of that energy actually becomes light — and where the rest goes?