共生关系

理解共生——不同物种之间的密切关系——包括互利共生（双方都受益，如小丑鱼和海葵）、偏利共生（一方受益而不伤害另一方，如鮣鱼搭鲨鱼便车）和寄生（一方受益，另一方受损，如蜱虫寄生在鹿身上）——并能在自然界中识别这些关系。

Understand symbiosis — close relationships between different species — including mutualism (both benefit, like clownfish and anemones), commensalism (one benefits without harming the other, like remora fish riding sharks), and parasitism (one benefits at the other's expense, like ticks on deer) — and recognise these relationships in nature

学习证据 / Evidence

• 将共生定义为不同物种之间的密切关系
• 能区分互利共生、偏利共生和寄生，并各举一例
• 遇到新情境时能识别共生关系

• Defines symbiosis as a close relationship between different species
• Distinguishes mutualism, commensalism, and parasitism with an example of each
• Identifies symbiotic relationships when presented with new scenarios

评估问题 / Assessment

如果{{name}}看到一档自然节目，节目里有一只小鸟从水牛背上啄食昆虫，{{name}}能不能解释这两种动物都从这种关系中受益，并说出这种共生关系属于哪一类？

If {{name}} sees a nature programme showing a small bird picking insects off a buffalo's back, can they explain that both animals benefit from this relationship and name the type of symbiosis?