珊瑚白化与海洋酸化

解释珊瑚虫与光合虫黄藻之间的互利共生关系；描述热应激如何导致珊瑚白化（珊瑚排出虫黄藻并变白）；解释海洋酸化化学原理：二氧化碳溶于海水形成碳酸，降低海水酸碱度并溶解碳酸钙骨骼；将珊瑚礁消失与约25%海洋物种栖息地崩溃联系起来；评估当前的珊瑚礁修复工作。

Explain the mutualistic symbiosis between coral polyps and photosynthetic zooxanthellae; describe how heat stress causes bleaching (corals expel zooxanthellae and turn white); explain ocean acidification chemistry: CO2 dissolves in seawater to form carbonic acid, lowering pH and dissolving calcium carbonate skeletons; connect reef loss to the collapse of habitat for ~25% of marine species; evaluate current reef restoration efforts

评估问题 / Assessment

{{name}}听说过珊瑚白化吗？他们能解释珊瑚到底发生了什么吗——珊瑚和生活在它体内的微小藻类之间被破坏的是什么，以及为什么海水变暖或酸化会引发这一过程？

Has {{name}} heard of coral bleaching? Can they explain what's actually happening to the coral — what breaks down between the coral and the tiny algae living inside it, and why warmer or more acidic water triggers this?