温室气体科学

描述电磁波谱，区分太阳发出的短波辐射和地球发出的长波红外辐射；解释温室气体分子（CO2、CH4、N2O、H2O）如何通过分子振动吸收并重新发射红外辐射，而O2和N2不能；区分使地球适宜居住的自然温室效应与人类排放导致的增强温室效应；评估不同温室气体的相对增温潜力。

Describe the electromagnetic spectrum and distinguish between short-wave solar radiation and long-wave infrared radiation emitted by Earth; explain how greenhouse gas molecules (CO2, CH4, N2O, H2O) absorb and re-emit infrared through molecular vibration while O2 and N2 do not; distinguish the natural greenhouse effect (which makes Earth habitable) from the enhanced greenhouse effect driven by human emissions; evaluate the relative potency of different greenhouse gases

评估问题 / Assessment

{{name}}能不能从光和能量的角度解释，为什么大气中的CO2会困住热量，而占空气大部分的氮气和氧气却不会？CO2分子在物理上有什么不同？

Can {{name}} explain, in terms of light and energy, why CO2 in the atmosphere traps heat but nitrogen and oxygen — which make up most of the air — don't? What's physically different about CO2 molecules?