加热实验与 Q = mcΔT

规划并实施实验，测量加热过程中传递的能量，包括使用公式 Q = mcΔT，记录温度随时间的变化，并评估误差来源。

Plan and carry out experiments to measure energy transferred during heating, including using the equation Q = mcΔT, recording temperature changes over time, and evaluating sources of error

学习证据 / Evidence

• 在加热实验中，使用温度计和秒表记录温度随时间的变化
• 运用 Q = mcΔT 计算被加热物质所获得的能量
• 找出加热实验中的能量损失来源（例如热量散失到周围环境），并提出改进方法
• 绘制温度-时间图，并根据图线斜率判断能量传递速率

• Uses a thermometer and stopwatch to record temperature change over time in a heating experiment
• Applies Q = mcΔT to calculate the energy transferred to a substance being heated
• Identifies sources of energy loss in a heating experiment (e.g. heat to surroundings) and suggests improvements
• Plots a temperature-time graph and identifies the energy transfer rate from its gradient

评估问题 / Assessment

如果{{name}}在烧杯中加热100毫升水，并每分钟记录一次温度，他们能否将结果绘制成图，并利用这些数据大致计算出传递给水的能量？

If {{name}} heated 100 ml of water in a beaker and recorded the temperature every minute, could they plot the results on a graph and use the data to work out roughly how much energy was transferred to the water?