牛顿第三定律

陈述并应用牛顿第三定律：每个力都有一个大小相等、方向相反的反作用力，作用在另一个物体上；并能区分作用力与反作用力对和平衡力。

State and apply Newton's Third Law: every force has an equal and opposite reaction force acting on a different object, distinguishing action-reaction pairs from balanced forces

学习证据 / Evidence

• 正确陈述牛顿第三定律，指出作用力和反作用力以及它们分别作用的物体。
• 至少给出两个现实世界的例子（如火箭推进、游泳者蹬墙出发）。
• 能区分牛顿第三定律中的作用力与反作用力对和同一物体上的平衡力。
• 用牛顿第三定律解释开枪时枪身后坐的原因。

• States Newton's Third Law correctly, identifying both the action and reaction force and the objects they act on
• Gives at least two real-world examples (e.g. rocket propulsion, swimmer pushing off a wall)
• Distinguishes a Newton's Third Law pair from balanced forces on the same object
• Explains why a gun recoils when fired using Newton's Third Law

评估问题 / Assessment

如果{{name}}看到一段火箭发射进入太空的视频，他们能解释是什么力把火箭向上推、这个力来自哪里，并说明这体现了哪条运动定律吗？

If {{name}} saw a video of a rocket launching into space, could they explain what force is pushing the rocket upward and where that force comes from — and which law of motion that demonstrates?