质量与重量

区分质量（物体所含物质的多少，单位是千克）和重量（重力，单位是牛顿）；能使用公式“重量 = 质量 × 重力场强度”，并解释为什么在其他行星和恒星上重力场强度 g 会不同。

Distinguish between mass (amount of matter, measured in kg) and weight (gravitational force, measured in N), use the equation weight = mass × gravitational field strength, and explain why g differs on other planets and stars

学习证据 / Evidence

• 能解释质量与重量的区别，并说出各自正确的单位。
• 能用 W = mg 计算重量，在地球上取 g = 10 N/kg。
• 能预测物体在月球或木星上的重量会如何变化。
• 能解释为什么质量保持不变，而重量在不同重力场中会改变。

• Explains the difference between mass and weight with correct units for each
• Calculates weight using W = mg with g = 10 N/kg on Earth
• Predicts what would happen to an object's weight on the Moon or Jupiter
• Explains why mass stays constant but weight changes in different gravitational fields

评估问题 / Assessment

如果{{name}}在体重秤上称了体重，之后被问到在月球上会多重，{{name}}能解释质量和重量的区别，并算出一个大致答案吗？

If {{name}} weighed themselves on bathroom scales and was then asked what they would weigh on the Moon, could they explain the difference between mass and weight and work out a rough answer?