营养级之间的能量损耗
Energy Loss Between Levels
解释食物链中能量如何在营养级之间转移，为什么每一级都会有能量损失，并利用生物量金字塔或数量金字塔来表示这种变化。
Explain how energy is transferred between trophic levels in a food chain, why energy is lost at each stage, and use pyramids of biomass/numbers to represent this
学习证据 / Evidence
- 解释只有约10%的能量从一个营养级传递到下一个营养级
- 能根据数据构建生物量金字塔，并解释其形状
- 指出每个营养级能量损失在哪些方面（热量、活动、排泄物）
- 解释为什么食物链很少超过五个营养级
- Explains that only about 10% of energy passes from one trophic level to the next
- Constructs a pyramid of biomass from data and explains its shape
- Identifies where energy is lost at each trophic level (heat, movement, waste)
- Explains why food chains rarely have more than five trophic levels
评估问题 / Assessment
如果{{name}}被问到为什么田野里的植物比狐狸多得多，能否解释能量在食物链的每一步是如何损失的，以及这对各个种群的数量规模意味着什么？
If {{name}} was asked why there are so many more plants than foxes in a field, could they explain how energy gets lost at every step of a food chain and what that means for the size of each population?